Decarbonisation of transport in South Africa is a critical issue, given the country’s high greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions profile. In South Africa, the transport industry interconnects road, rail, air, and water transport systems that facilitate the movement of passengers and freight. Decarbonising South Africa’s transport sector is a multifaceted challenge requiring policy initiatives, behavioural changes, and technological advancements. The decarbonisation of transport has substantial potential to reshape society, yielding considerable advantages for the environment, public health, social fairness, and the economy.